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Fill in the missing letters in the text.
Questions 1-10
Lipoprotein (a), commonly abbrevi as Lp(a), become a subject of considerable attention in cardiovascular research. How , many experts argue that its dangers are stated.
First, Lp(a) is larg determined by genetics and remains relatively stable through life. Because it cannot be significantly altered diet or lifestyle, it should not be treated as a major health concern in the same way cholesterol or blood pressure .
Second, large-scale studies have shown consistent results regard the association between elevated Lp(a) and cardiovascular disease. Some investigations suggest only a weak correlation, indicating that it may not play a decis role in heart attacks or strokes.
Third, there are currently no wid available or prov therapies that specifically reduce Lp(a) levels. Since neither standard statins common treatments are effective, screening Lp(a) is often s as unnecessary and practical for most patients.
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Questions 11–12
NOTICE TO PATIENTS
Due to an increase in seasonal respiratory infections, all visitors to the outpatient department are required to wear a face covering while inside the hospital building. Patients who arrive more than 15 minutes late for their appointment may be asked to reschedule unless the delay is caused by a medical emergency.
To reduce waiting times, patients are encouraged to complete registration forms online before arrival. Prescription renewals cannot be processed at the reception desk and must instead be requested through the hospital’s patient portal or by contacting the patient’s physician directly.
Please note that laboratory test results may take up to 5 business days to appear in the system. Patients requiring urgent assistance should inform the triage nurse immediately upon arrival.
11. What is the main purpose of this notice?
12. According to the notice, what should patients do if they need prescription renewals?
Questions 13–15
HEALTH INSURANCE CLAIM SUMMARY
Patient: Daniel Mercer
Provider: Green Valley Family Clinic
Date of Visit: March 18
Service Type: General practitioner consultation and routine physical examination
Claimed Amount: $245.00
Negotiated Provider Rate: $185.00
Insurance Plan Contribution: $140.00
Patient Responsibility: $45.00 co-payment
Additional Charges:
Prescription medication: $32.00
Laboratory blood test: Pending review
Please note: Prescription costs are partially covered only when medication is included in the insurer’s approved drug list. Patients are responsible for any non-covered amount. Claims submitted after 90 days from the treatment date may be denied.
13. What service did the patient most likely receive during the visit?
14. Which statement is the most accurate?
15. What can be inferred about the laboratory blood test?
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II. Reading an academic text
3. Reading an academic passage
Reading + Test Time — 18 minutes
Note that in the actual test this reading will be shorter and time allocated for it will about 4-6 minutes. This text is for training purposes with a wide variety of question types on the text.
Passage:
The human immune system is a complex network of cells and proteins designed to defend the body against infections. In recent years, blood tests that evaluate immune status have become increasingly common, both in clinical practice and preventive medicine.
One of the most basic immune-related tests is the white blood cell count, which provides a general indication of whether the body is fighting infection. Doctors often recommend this test when patients experience fever, fatigue, or unexplained weight loss. However, experts also note that healthy adults can benefit from a baseline test in their early twenties, to establish normal reference values for future comparisons.
Another important tool is the immunoglobulin panel, which measures antibodies such as IgG, IgA, and IgM. Abnormal levels may signal chronic infections or immune deficiencies. According to medical guidelines, this panel is especially useful for individuals with frequent respiratory illnesses or recurrent sinus infections. Physicians usually suggest testing in early adulthood if such symptoms persist.
In addition, tests for T-cell subsets—including CD4 and CD8 counts—are critical for monitoring immune function in people with conditions such as HIV. Yet some researchers argue that even individuals without diagnosed immune disorders should consider testing once by age thirty, since low T-cell activity may indicate hidden vulnerabilities.
Finally, inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 are increasingly used to detect early signs of systemic inflammation. While these tests are not routine for young adults, many specialists now recommend them for people over forty, even if they feel healthy. Elevated inflammation has been linked not only to infections but also to chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular conditions.
In summary, immune system status blood tests are not reserved only for the sick. They can play an important role in preventive health when taken at recommended stages: a white blood cell count in the twenties, immunoglobulin testing when infections are frequent, T-cell monitoring around thirty, and inflammatory marker panels from age forty onward. Advocates emphasize that early awareness may help individuals strengthen defenses and prevent long-term disease.
Questions:
1. What is the main focus of the passage?
2. According to the passage, why might a healthy adult take a white blood cell count in their twenties?
3. In what situation is an immunoglobulin panel especially useful?
4. What reason is given for testing T-cell subsets by age thirty?
5. The author implies that CRP and interleukin-6 tests are valuable because they…
6. The word “baseline” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to…
7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an immune-related blood test?
8. What is the author’s primary purpose in this passage?
9. Where would the following sentence best fit in the paragraph below?
Some laboratories now bundle these biomarkers into wellness panels aimed at preventive care.
Paragraph (from the passage):
Finally, inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 are increasingly used to detect early signs of systemic inflammation. (A) While these tests are not routine for young adults, many specialists now recommend them for people over forty, even if they feel healthy. (B) Elevated inflammation has been linked not only to infections but also to chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. (C) As with any screening, results should be interpreted in context and followed up when abnormal. (D)
10. An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the three answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage.
Introductory sentence: Immune system status blood tests can support preventive health when taken at appropriate stages across adulthood.
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